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123456Differentiation rules

Solutions to the exercises

Exercise 1
a

f ' ( x ) = 30 x 5 - 65 x 4 + 10

b

f ' ( x ) = 2 a x + b

c

P ' ( I ) = 2 R I

d

d y d x = 4 x 3 - 20 x

e

f ' ( x ) = -64 x 7

f

f ' ( x ) = 6 a x 2 - 3 a 2

g

d A d r = 2 π r + 2 l

h

h ' ( x ) = 600 x - 180 x 2 + 12 x 3

Exercise 2
a

f ' ( x ) = 12 5 x 2 - 6 x = 0 geeft x = 0 x = 2,5 .
Use the graph or a sign scheme of f ' to find that there are two extrema, namely min. f ( 2,5 ) = -6,25 and max. f ( 0 ) = 0 .

b

f ' ( 5 ) = 30

c

f ' ' ( x ) = 24 5 x - 6 = 0 gives x = 1,25 .
Use the graph or a sign scheme of f ' ' to conclude that there is one inflection point, namely ( 1,25 ; -3,25 ) .

Exercise 3
a

y ' ( x ) = 3 x 2 - 10 x + 7 geeft y ' ( 2 ) = -1 .

b

y ' ( x ) = -1 gives 3 x 2 - 10 x + 8 = 0 . This equation has two solutions, so there is one more point on the graph in which the slope of the tangent to the graph equals -1 .

Exercise 4
a

I ( x ) = x ( 20 - 2 x ) ( 60 - 2 x ) = 1200 x - 160 x 2 + 4 x 3

b

I ' ( x ) = 12 x 2 - 320 x + 1200 = 0 geeft x = 80 ± 2800 6 .
The graph of I shows that the maximum volume occurs when x = 80 - 2800 6 4,5 cm.

Exercise 5
a

f ( x ) = x 5 - 40 x 4 + 400 x 3 gives f ' ( x ) = 5 x 4 - 160 x 3 + 1200 x 2 .
And f ' ( x ) = 0 gives: x = 0 x = 12 x = 20 .

b

For x = 0 the derivative does not have a sign change, both to the left and to the right of x = 0 the graph of f is increasing.

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